Science Writing, July 20 (EFE).- Most vaccines are delivered into the muscle, although HIV or SARS-CoV-2 infect through mucous membranes, to which a new technique that has obtained strong responses is directed d antibodies against these viruses in tests with mice and non-human primates.
A study by US researchers and published today by Science Translational Medicine presents a new intranasal vaccination platform with which immunizing proteins can be delivered through the mucosal surface.
Although intranasal vaccines can elicit stronger and more protective antibody responses than injected vaccines, research has so far been limited by poor absorption of the vaccine through the mucous membranes.
However, the new technology offers a “promising approach” to administering vaccines through the nose and other mucosal surfaces instead of traditional injections, the scientific journal notes.
The research team, led by Brittany Hartwell of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), has created a strategy that allows immunostimulatory proteins to move across mucosal surfaces.
To do this, they used amph proteins, which consist of viral proteins conjugated with a water-soluble end through which they bind to albumin.
Albumin is a blood protein that crosses the mucosa by interacting with the neonatal cystic fibrosis receptor, which transports it bidirectionally across the mucosal epithelium, making it suitable as a mediator for vaccine delivery.
Amph can be formulated with the Env gp120 protein, which is found on the outer envelope of HIV, or with the SARS-Cov2 receptor binding domain (RBD) protein, which binds to human cells.
When administered intranasally to mice and macaques, it induces elevated concentrations of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies in various mucosal tissues.
“These results could bode well for the possibility of a vaccine to prevent HIV infection and have the potential to contribute to the goal of a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, regardless of variant. “said Francis Szoka of the University of California, in an accompaniment. article that explores the clinical implications of the study. ECE
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